RMS ↔ Peak Converter (Sine Wave)

Enter any one value (Vrms, Vpeak, or Vpp) to convert the others instantly. Sine wave only.

How to Use

  1. Type a value into Vrms, Vpeak, or Vpp.
  2. Pick units (mV / V / kV).
  3. The other two values update instantly.
  4. Open Show Work to see the exact formulas used.
Sine Wave Reference
Relationships between RMS, peak, and peak-to-peak.
Vrms
—
Vpeak
—
Vpp
—
VrmsVpeak / √2
VpeakVrms × √2
Vpp2 × Vpeak
Note: These conversions assume a pure sine wave with no DC offset.
Inputs
Enter exactly one value for cleanest results. If multiple are filled, the tool will prefer the last edited field.
Example: 120 Vrms mains, 0.707 Vrms audio reference
For a sine wave: Vpeak = Vrms × √2
For a sine wave: Vpp = 2 × Vpeak
Offset does not change Vrms of the AC component, but changes min/max levels.
Show Work (step-by-step)
—
Work is shown in base volts (V) for clarity. Unit scaling is applied for display only.

Reference

For a pure sine wave (no distortion), the relationships are:

  • Vrms = Vpeak / √2
  • Vpeak = Vrms × √2
  • Vpp = 2 × Vpeak = 2 × Vrms × √2
If the waveform is not a sine wave (square, triangle, clipped, PWM), these ratios change.

FAQ

Why is 120 Vrms about 170 Vpeak?

For a sine wave, Vpeak = Vrms × √2. So 120 × 1.414 ≈ 169.7 V.

Is Vrms the same as “average” voltage?

Not exactly. Vrms is the DC-equivalent heating value (power into a resistor). The simple average of a sine wave over a full cycle is 0.

Does DC offset affect Vpp?

DC offset shifts the waveform up/down. It changes the absolute min/max levels, but the peak-to-peak of the AC component stays the same.

Tool Info

Last updated:

Updates may include unit support, edge-case handling, and accuracy notes for non-sine waveforms.